Written with AI assistance and may contain mistakes. Verify against the official Transport Canada publications before relying on anything here.

PPL Tester

Formation flight

Formation flight = aircraft deliberately operating close together. Allowed only by pre-arrangement.

Pre-arrangement required (CAR 602.24):

Where Who must agree Ref
Anywhere Pilots-in-command of the aircraft involved CAR 602.24(a)
Inside a control zone PICs plus the appropriate air traffic control unit CAR 602.24(b)

Related rules (separate from CAR 602.24):

Rule Ref Covers Pre-arrangement needed
Avoidance of collision CAR 602.21 Bans proximity creating a risk of collision No
Right-of-way CAR 602.19 Priority between converging or overtaking aircraft No
Formation flight CAR 602.24 Makes deliberate close-proximity flying legal Yes

Trap: In a control zone, ATC clearance alone does not satisfy CAR 602.24; ATC is added to the PICs' pre-arrangement, not substituted.

References


Practice